中介者模式

文摘

中介者（Mediator）

介绍

中介者模式（Mediator Pattern）是用来降低多个对象和类之间的通信复杂性。这种模式提供了一个中介类，该类通常处理不同类之间的通信，并支持松耦合，使代码易于维护。中介者模式属于行为型模式。

Intent

集中相关对象之间复杂的沟通和控制方式。

Class Diagram

  • Mediator：中介者，定义一个接口用于与各同事（Colleague）对象通信。
  • Colleague：同事，相关对象


Implementation

Alarm（闹钟）、CoffeePot（咖啡壶）、Calendar（日历）、Sprinkler（喷头）是一组相关的对象，在某个对象的事件产生时需要去操作其它对象，形成了下面这种依赖结构：


使用中介者模式可以将复杂的依赖结构变成星形结构：


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public abstract class Colleague {
    public abstract void onEvent(Mediator mediator);
}
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public class Alarm extends Colleague {

    @Override
    public void onEvent(Mediator mediator) {
        mediator.doEvent("alarm");
    }

    public void doAlarm() {
        System.out.println("doAlarm()");
    }
}
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public class CoffeePot extends Colleague {
    @Override
    public void onEvent(Mediator mediator) {
        mediator.doEvent("coffeePot");
    }

    public void doCoffeePot() {
        System.out.println("doCoffeePot()");
    }
}
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public class Calender extends Colleague {
    @Override
    public void onEvent(Mediator mediator) {
        mediator.doEvent("calender");
    }

    public void doCalender() {
        System.out.println("doCalender()");
    }
}
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public class Sprinkler extends Colleague {
    @Override
    public void onEvent(Mediator mediator) {
        mediator.doEvent("sprinkler");
    }

    public void doSprinkler() {
        System.out.println("doSprinkler()");
    }
}
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public abstract class Mediator {
    public abstract void doEvent(String eventType);
}
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public class ConcreteMediator extends Mediator {
    private Alarm alarm;
    private CoffeePot coffeePot;
    private Calender calender;
    private Sprinkler sprinkler;

    public ConcreteMediator(Alarm alarm, CoffeePot coffeePot, Calender calender, Sprinkler sprinkler) {
        this.alarm = alarm;
        this.coffeePot = coffeePot;
        this.calender = calender;
        this.sprinkler = sprinkler;
    }

    @Override
    public void doEvent(String eventType) {
        switch (eventType) {
            case "alarm":
                doAlarmEvent();
                break;
            case "coffeePot":
                doCoffeePotEvent();
                break;
            case "calender":
                doCalenderEvent();
                break;
            default:
                doSprinklerEvent();
        }
    }

    public void doAlarmEvent() {
        alarm.doAlarm();
        coffeePot.doCoffeePot();
        calender.doCalender();
        sprinkler.doSprinkler();
    }

    public void doCoffeePotEvent() {
        // ...
    }

    public void doCalenderEvent() {
        // ...
    }

    public void doSprinklerEvent() {
        // ...
    }
}
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public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Alarm alarm = new Alarm();
        CoffeePot coffeePot = new CoffeePot();
        Calender calender = new Calender();
        Sprinkler sprinkler = new Sprinkler();
        Mediator mediator = new ConcreteMediator(alarm, coffeePot, calender, sprinkler);
        // 闹钟事件到达，调用中介者就可以操作相关对象
        alarm.onEvent(mediator);
    }
}
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doAlarm()
doCoffeePot()
doCalender()
doSprinkler()

JDK